Ἐπιεικῶς
properly
Translated by William Hutton1 Dec 2007Vetting: high9 revisions
Translation
This adverb means very much so.1 It also means surprisingly, and contrary to expectation,2 and with propriety and decency. It also means moderately, or proportionately, and sufficiently.3
Procopius: [writes] "[the] Lazoi were properly aggrieved."4
"[That he] did not need much money for the journey, for he would live properly."5
And elsewhere: "these things, which contrary to the expectation of the king/emperor or what he was supposing pertained to willfulness and arrogance, seemed to have been written properly."6
And elsewhere: "therefore he quite properly entrusts the reins of the escape to the god [or, God] over everything."7
Procopius: [writes] "[the] Lazoi were properly aggrieved."4
"[That he] did not need much money for the journey, for he would live properly."5
And elsewhere: "these things, which contrary to the expectation of the king/emperor or what he was supposing pertained to willfulness and arrogance, seemed to have been written properly."6
And elsewhere: "therefore he quite properly entrusts the reins of the escape to the god [or, God] over everything."7
Greek original · Adler’s text
Ἐπιεικῶς· τὸ ἐπίρρημα τοῦτο σημαίνει τὸ πάνυ. σημαίνει καὶ παραδόξως, καὶ παρ' ἐλπίδα, καὶ τὸ μετὰ ἐπιεικείας καὶ χρηστότητος. σημαίνει καὶ τὸ μετρίως, ἤτοι συμμέτρως, καὶ τὸ ἱκανῶς. Προκόπιος· Λαζοὶ δὲ ἐπιεικῶς ἤχθοντο. δεῖσθαι χρημάτων οὐ πολλῶν εἰς τὴν ὁδόν, ζήσεσθαι γὰρ ἐπιεικῶς. καὶ αὖθις· ταῦτα παρ' ἐλπίδα τοῦ βασιλέως εἰς τὸ αὔθαδές τε καὶ ὑπέρογκον φέροντα ἢ καθότι εἰκάζετο, ἐπιεικῶς γεγράφθαι ἔδοξεν. καὶ αὖθις· τοιγαροῦν κομιδῆ ἐπιεικῶς ἀνατίθησι τῷ ἐπὶ πάντων θεῷ τὰς ἡνίας τῆς ἀποδράσεως.
Betacode
*)epieikw=s: to\ e)pi/rrhma tou=to shmai/nei to\ pa/nu. shmai/nei kai\ parado/cws, kai\ par' e)lpi/da, kai\ to\ meta\ e)pieikei/as kai\ xrhsto/thtos. shmai/nei kai\ to\ metri/ws, h)/toi summe/trws, kai\ to\ i(kanw=s. *proko/pios: *lazoi\ de\ e)pieikw=s h)/xqonto. dei=sqai xrhma/twn ou) pollw=n ei)s th\n o(do/n, zh/sesqai ga\r e)pieikw=s. kai\ au)=qis: tau=ta par' e)lpi/da tou= basile/ws ei)s to\ au)/qade/s te kai\ u(pe/rogkon fe/ronta h)\ kaqo/ti ei)ka/zeto, e)pieikw=s gegra/fqai e)/docen. kai\ au)=qis: toigarou=n komidh= e)pieikw=s a)nati/qhsi tw=| e)pi\ pa/ntwn qew=| ta\s h(ni/as th=s a)podra/sews.
Notes (7)
- See also epsilon 2312, epsilon 2313, epsilon 2314, omicron 877.↩
- 1Literally "much". The word is translated here in a manner appropriate to the use of the headword as an affirmative expletive in Plato's Republic, from the scholia to which some of the following commentary derives: see further below, note 3. "Much" (
panu/ ) by itself is rarely used for this purpose, although it does play a part in affirmative phrases such aspanu/ ge . ↩- 2These meanings are unrecognized by LSJ, and are not illustrated in any of the several quotations that follow. ↩
- 3Up to this point the entry = schol. to Plato, Republic 555D (text at web address 1). Adler and others cite schol. to Republic 431E where the same material occurs, but in a different order appropriate to the context there. Also = Synagoge epsilon665 (with the omission of 'and sufficiently'); Photius epsilon1543; Etymologicum Magnum 359.35-8. For other comparanda and sources see the apparatus to Theodoridis' edition of Photius. ↩
- 4Procopius, De bellis [History of the Wars of Justinian] 2.28.25 (web address 2), on Persian rule over Kolchis (Colchis, Lazike; cf. kappa 1979); cf. Kaldellis (136). ↩
- 5Josephus, Jewish Antiquities 12.198 (web address 3). ↩
- 6Quotation unidentifiable. ↩
- 7Theophylact Simocatta, Histories 4.10.2; on Chosroes II's (cf. alpha 2015 note) escape from Ctesiphon following the nighttime rout of his forces by Baram's rebel army (February 590); wrongly attributed to Damascius as fr. 179 Asmus; cf. de Boor (167) and Whitby (116). On the Persian capital city Ctesiphon, see alpha 4485 note. On the rebel general Baram, see beta 103.
- 1Literally "much". The word is translated here in a manner appropriate to the use of the headword as an affirmative expletive in Plato's Republic, from the scholia to which some of the following commentary derives: see further below, note 3. "Much" (
References
A. Kaldellis, ed. and H.B. Dewing, trans., Prokopios: The Wars of Justinian, (Indianapolis 2014)
C. de Boor, ed., Theophylacti Simocattae Historiae, (Leipzig 1887, reprint 2022)
M. Whitby and M. Whitby, eds. and trans., The History of Theophylact Simocatta, (Oxford 1986)
C. de Boor, ed., Theophylacti Simocattae Historiae, (Leipzig 1887, reprint 2022)
M. Whitby and M. Whitby, eds. and trans., The History of Theophylact Simocatta, (Oxford 1986)
External resources
- Web address 1 perseus.tufts.edu
- Web address 2 perseus.tufts.edu
- Web address 3 perseus.tufts.edu
Linked from3 entries
Neighbouring entries
Revision history9 revisions · last 3 Mar 2025
- expanded n.7; added to bibliography, added cross-references and keyword — Ronald Allen
- expanded n.4; added bibliography, cross-reference, and link — Ronald Allen
- coding — Catharine Roth
- another x-ref — David Whitehead
- typo — William Hutton
- x-refs; more keywords; tweaking — David Whitehead
- cosmetics — Catharine Roth
- another keyword; tweaks and cosmetics — David Whitehead
- cosmetics, links, keyword, status — Catharine Roth
- Translated — William Hutton