Οὐδὲν μᾶλλον
no more (this than that)
Translated by Marcelo Boeri5 May 2000Vetting: high9 revisions
Translation
Greek original · Adler’s text
Οὐδὲν μᾶλλον· ὅτι οἱ Σκεπτικοί, τουτέστιν οἱ Πυρρώνειοι, τὰ τῶν αἱρέσεων δόγματα πάντα ἀνατρέποντες αὐτοὶ οὐδὲν ἀποφαίνονται δογματικῶς· προσφέρονται δὲ ἀποφάσεις εἰς μήνυσιν τῆς ἀπροπτωσίας, ὡς εἰ καὶ νεύσαντας τοῦτο ἐνεδέχετο δηλῶσαι. διὰ τῆς οὐδὲν ὁριζομένης φωνῆς τὸ τῆς ἀρεψίας πάθος δηλοῦται· ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ διὰ τῆς, οὐδὲν μᾶλλον, καὶ τῆς, παντὶ λόγῳ λόγος ἀντίκειται, καὶ ταῖς ὁμοίαις. λέγεται δὲ τὸ οὐδὲν μᾶλλον θετικῶς, ὡς ὁμοίων τινῶν ὄντων· οἷον, οὐθὲν μᾶλλον ὁ πειρατὴς κακός ἐστιν ἢ ὁ ψεύστης. ὑπὸ δὲ τῶν Σκεπτικῶν οὐ θετικῶς, ἀλλ' ἀναιρετικῶς λέγεται· ὡς ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀνασκευάζοντος καὶ λέγοντος, οὐ μᾶλλον ἡ Σκύλλα γέγονεν ἢ Χίμαιρα. αὐτὸ δὲ τὸ μᾶλλον ποτὲ μὲν συγκριτικῶς ἐκφέρεται· ὡς ὅταν φῶμεν, μᾶλλον τὸ μέλι γλυκὺ ἢ τὴν σταφίδα· ποτὲ δὲ θετικῶς καὶ ἀναιρετικῶς· ὡς ὅταν λέγωμεν, μᾶλλον ἡ ἀρετὴ ὠφελεῖ ἢ βλάπτει. σημαίνομεν γάρ, ὅτι ἡ ἀρετὴ ὠφελεῖ, βλάπτει δ' οὔ. ἀναιροῦσι δ' οἱ Σκεπτικοὶ καὶ αὐτὴν τὴν οὐδὲν μᾶλλον φωνήν· ὡς γάρ, οὐ μᾶλλόν ἐστι πρόνοια, ἢ οὐκ ἔστι· οὕτω καὶ τό, οὐδὲν μᾶλλον ἔστιν, ἢ οὐκ ἔστι. σημαίνει οὖν ἡ φωνὴ τὸ μηδὲν ὁρίζειν, ἀλλ' ἀπροσθετεῖν. ἡ δὲ παντὶ λόγῳ φωνὴ καὶ αὐτὴ συνάγει τὴν ἐποχήν. τῶν μὲν γὰρ πραγμάτων διαφωνούντων, τῶν δὲ λόγων ἰσοσθενούντων, ἀγνωσία τῆς ἀληθείας ἐπακολουθεῖ. εἰσὶ δέκα τρόποι, καθ' οὓς τὰ ὑπερκείμενα παραλλάττοντα ἀπεφαίνετο.
Betacode
*ou)de\n ma=llon: o(/ti oi( *skeptikoi/, toute/stin oi( *purrw/neioi, ta\ tw=n ai(re/sewn do/gmata pa/nta a)natre/pontes au)toi\ ou)de\n a)pofai/nontai dogmatikw=s: prosfe/rontai de\ a)pofa/seis ei)s mh/nusin th=s a)proptwsi/as, w(s ei) kai\ neu/santas tou=to e)nede/xeto dhlw=sai. dia\ th=s ou)de\n o(rizome/nhs fwnh=s to\ th=s a)reyi/as pa/qos dhlou=tai: o(moi/ws de\ kai\ dia\ th=s, ou)de\n ma=llon, kai\ th=s, panti\ lo/gw| lo/gos a)nti/keitai, kai\ tai=s o(moi/ais. le/getai de\ to\ ou)de\n ma=llon qetikw=s, w(s o(moi/wn tinw=n o)/ntwn: oi(=on, ou)qe\n ma=llon o( peirath\s kako/s e)stin h)\ o( yeu/sths. u(po\ de\ tw=n *skeptikw=n ou) qetikw=s, a)ll' a)nairetikw=s le/getai: w(s u(po\ tou= a)naskeua/zontos kai\ le/gontos, ou) ma=llon h( *sku/lla ge/gonen h)\ *xi/maira. au)to\ de\ to\ ma=llon pote\ me\n sugkritikw=s e)kfe/retai: w(s o(/tan fw=men, ma=llon to\ me/li gluku\ h)\ th\n stafi/da: pote\ de\ qetikw=s kai\ a)nairetikw=s: w(s o(/tan le/gwmen, ma=llon h( a)reth\ w)felei= h)\ bla/ptei. shmai/nomen ga/r, o(/ti h( a)reth\ w)felei=, bla/ptei d' ou)/. a)nairou=si d' oi( *skeptikoi\ kai\ au)th\n th\n ou)de\n ma=llon fwnh/n: w(s ga/r, ou) ma=llo/n e)sti pro/noia, h)\ ou)k e)/sti: ou(/tw kai\ to/, ou)de\n ma=llon e)/stin, h)\ ou)k e)/sti. shmai/nei ou)=n h( fwnh\ to\ mhde\n o(ri/zein, a)ll' a)prosqetei=n. h( de\ panti\ lo/gw| fwnh\ kai\ au)th\ suna/gei th\n e)poxh/n. tw=n me\n ga\r pragma/twn diafwnou/ntwn, tw=n de\ lo/gwn i)sosqenou/ntwn, a)gnwsi/a th=s a)lhqei/as e)pakolouqei=. ei)si\ de/ka tro/poi, kaq' ou(\s ta\ u(perkei/mena paralla/ttonta a)pefai/neto.
Notes (4)
- This entry reproduces (with some minor but representative changes) Diogenes Laertius 9.74-76. See also already mu 115.
- 2Diog.Laert. has "we determine nothing" (
ou)de\n o(ri/zomen ). ↩ - 3This assertion is attributed to the Pyrrhonist Timon of Phlius (320-230 BCE), and it would have been included in his work Pytho (see Diog.Laert. 9.76). ↩
- 4Or "withholding of assent". ↩
- 5The sceptic modes are manners of introducing suspension of judgement (Annas & Barnes, 1985, 19-30). They are listed by Sextus Empiricus (Outlines of Pyrrhonism 1.36-38; I follow Annas & Barnes translation in their 1985): (1) the mode depending on the variations among animals; (2) the mode depending on the differences among humans; (3) the mode depending on the differing constitutions of the sense-organs; (4) that depending on circumstances; (5) that depending on positions and intervals and places; (6) that depending on admixtures; (7) that depending on the quantities and preparation of existing things; (8) that deriving from relativity; (9) that depending on frequent or rare encounters; and (10) that depending on lifestyle and customs and laws. These modes are partially accounted for both in Sextus (Outlines 1.40-163) and Diog.Laert. 9.79-88. All these passages (plus some important ones in Philo of Alexandria, 25 BC-50 AD) are translated and commented on in Annas & Barnes 1985. An excellent and complete introduction to ancient scepticism can be found in Mates, 1996, 4-85. ↩
References
B. Mates, The Skeptic Way. Sextus Empiricus's Outlines of Pyrrhonism (New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press), 1996
Linked from2 entries
- ε3853Ἐφεκτικοίsuspenders of judgment, practitioners of suspended judgement, scepticsCertain philosophers. [They were so called] from the fact that they suspended judgment concerning [some] matters and taught that conviction could not be reached [in these cases].
- μ115Μᾶλλον μᾶλλονmore and moreMeaning ever more. Alexis in Atthis [writes]: "how Zeus casts clouds at first quietly, then more and more." Anaxilas in Hours [and] Alexis in Pezonike [sc. also use the phrase]. This 'more' is said affirmatively, as…
Neighbouring entries
Revision history9 revisions · last 21 Feb 2021
- more tweaks — Catharine Roth
- tweaked translation — Catharine Roth
- coding — Catharine Roth
- tweaked translation — Catharine Roth
- tweaked translation — Catharine Roth
- x-ref; more keywords; tweaks and cosmetics — David Whitehead
- cosmetics — David Whitehead
- more slight changes in the translation — Catharine Roth
- cosmetics, status — Catharine Roth
- Translated — Marcelo Boeri