Ταὐτόν

the same

Translated by Oliver Phillips ✝9 May 2002Vetting: high7 revisions

229 words
Aristotle divides this three ways in the Topics. In addition to these three he also adds a fourth, “by analogy,” being beyond the three. The three are these: “The same, you see, is spoken concerning number, concerning species, and for genus. Things whose names are many are the same as one another when the reality indicated by them is one, such are the things with several names, for in number the terms 'overcoat' and 'cloak' are one, because they clearly are indicative of one and the same thing in number. And if the definition and the name indicate the same thing, then this too is one in number. And if several definitions indicate the same thing, these two are the same in number; it is to be the same in number, not in the names that designate them. Summing up, according to number, as things with more than one name, overcoat, cloak. According to species, as Socrates and Plato. According to genus, as man and horse; for both are animals. According to analogy, as heart and spring and unit; for as the spring is for drinking, thus also the unit in number, the heart in life. Sight in the eyes, the mind in the soul. Windlessness and calm are the same, for what the calm is in the sea, this is windlessness in the air, for both are restfulness."

Greek original · Adler’s text

Ταὐτόν· τοῦτο τριχῶς διαιρεῖ Ἀριστοτέλης ἐν τοῖς Τοπικοῖς. πρὸς δὲ τούτοις τοῖς τρισὶ καὶ τέταρτόν τινα προστίθεται, κατ' ἀναλογίαν, πορρώτερον ὄντα τῶν τριῶν. οἱ δὲ τρεῖς εἰσιν οὗτοι· ταὐτὸν γὰρ τὸ μὲν κατ' ἀριθμὸν λέγεται, τὸ δὲ κατ' εἶδος, τὸ δὲ τῷ γένει. ἀριθμῷ ταὐτά ἐστιν ἀλλήλοις ὧν ὀνόματα πλείω, τὸ δὲ πρᾶγμα τὸ ὑπ' αὐτῶν σημαινόμενον ἕν, οἷά ἐστι τὰ πολυώνυμα· ἀριθμῷ γὰρ ἓν τὸ λώπιον καὶ ἱμάτιον, ὅτι τοῦ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἑνὸς κατ' ἀριθμόν ἐστι δηλωτικά. κἂν λόγος δὲ κἂν ὄνομα ταυτὸν σημαίνῃ, ἓν κατ' ἀριθμὸν καὶ τοῦτο· κἂν λόγοι πλείους σημαίνωσι ταὐτό, καὶ ταῦτα ἀριθμῷ ταυτά· τῷ γὰρ ἀριθμῷ τοῖς αὐτοῖς εἶναί ἐστιν, οὐ τοῖς ὀνόμασι σημαντικοῖς. συνελόντι φάναι, κατ' ἀριθμόν, ὡς τὰ πολυώνυμα, λῶπος, ἱμάτιον. κατ' εἶδος, ὡς Σωκράτης καὶ Πλάτων. κατὰ γένος, οἷον ἄνθρωπος, ἵππος· ζῷα γὰρ ἄμφω. κατ' ἀναλογίαν, ὡς καρδία καὶ πηγὴ καὶ μονάς· ὡς γὰρ ἔχει ἡ πηγὴ πρὸς ποτόν, οὕτω καὶ μονὰς ἐν ἀριθμῷ, καρδία ἐν ζῴῳ. ὄψις ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς· νοῦς ἐν ψυχῇ. νηνεμία καὶ γαλήνη ἡ αὐτή· ὃ γὰρ γαλήνη ἐν θαλάσσῃ, τοῦτο νηνεμία ἐν ἀέρι· ἡσυχία γὰρ ἄμφω.

Betacode
*tau)to/n: tou=to trixw=s diairei= *)aristote/lhs e)n toi=s *topikoi=s. pro\s de\ tou/tois toi=s trisi\ kai\ te/tarto/n tina prosti/qetai, kat' a)nalogi/an, porrw/teron o)/nta tw=n triw=n. oi( de\ trei=s ei)sin ou(=toi: tau)to\n ga\r to\ me\n kat' a)riqmo\n le/getai, to\ de\ kat' ei)=dos, to\ de\ tw=| ge/nei. a)riqmw=| tau)ta/ e)stin a)llh/lois w(=n o)no/mata plei/w, to\ de\ pra=gma to\ u(p' au)tw=n shmaino/menon e(/n, oi(=a/ e)sti ta\ poluw/numa: a)riqmw=| ga\r e(\n to\ lw/pion kai\ i(ma/tion, o(/ti tou= au)tou= kai\ e(no\s kat' a)riqmo/n e)sti dhlwtika/. ka)\n lo/gos de\ ka)\n o)/noma tauto\n shmai/nh|, e(\n kat' a)riqmo\n kai\ tou=to: ka)\n lo/goi plei/ous shmai/nwsi tau)to/, kai\ tau=ta a)riqmw=| tauta/: tw=| ga\r a)riqmw=| toi=s au)toi=s ei)=nai/ e)stin, ou) toi=s o)no/masi shmantikoi=s. sunelo/nti fa/nai, kat' a)riqmo/n, w(s ta\ poluw/numa, lw=pos, i(ma/tion. kat' ei)=dos, w(s *swkra/ths kai\ *pla/twn. kata\ ge/nos, oi(=on a)/nqrwpos, i(/ppos: zw=|a ga\r a)/mfw. kat' a)nalogi/an, w(s kardi/a kai\ phgh\ kai\ mona/s: w(s ga\r e)/xei h( phgh\ pro\s poto/n, ou(/tw kai\ mona\s e)n a)riqmw=|, kardi/a e)n zw/|w|. o)/yis e)n o)fqalmoi=s: nou=s e)n yuxh=|. nhnemi/a kai\ galh/nh h( au)th/: o(\ ga\r galh/nh e)n qala/ssh|, tou=to nhnemi/a e)n a)e/ri: h(suxi/a ga\r a)/mfw.

Notes

  1. The Suda follows Alexander of Aphrodisias, Commentary on Aristotle's Topica 58.5-59.5 (concerning Topica 103a7) for a while, then truncates and abbreviates the latter part of it severely.
    For a translation of Alexander’s passage, and annotation on it, see Van Ophuijsen, pp. 62-63 and 160, notes 466-473.
    On identity in Aristotle (tau)ta/) cf. Metaphysics 5.9.

References


Johannes M. Van Ophuijsen, Alexander of Aphrodisias, On Aristotle’s Topics I. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 2001

Linked from1 entry

Neighbouring entries

τ183Ταυτὶ μὲν εἰκάσμεσθα κατὰ τὸν Αἰσχύλονwe have been made the object of these comparisons in accordance with Aeschylusτ184Ταυτοέπειαtautologyτ185Ταὐτόνthe sameτ186Ταυτὸν πέπονθα τῷ τῆς παροιμίαςthe same thing as the proverb has happened to meτ187Ταὐτὸν ἐποίησε τοῖς θηρῶσι τὰς ἐγχέλυς[he] did the same as those hunting eels
Revision history7 revisions · last 29 Jun 2022
  1. cosmeticule — Catharine Roth
  2. coding — David Whitehead
  3. coding — Catharine Roth
  4. Revised — David Whitehead
  5. cosmetics — David Whitehead
  6. Expanded note. — Marcelo Boeri
  7. cosmetics — David Whitehead
  8. Translated — Oliver Phillips ✝

Cite this entry

“the same.” Suda On Line. Tr. Oliver Phillips ✝. 9 May 2002. <https://www.cs.uky.edu/~raphael/sol/sol-entries/tau/185>. Read at ReadSuda: <https://readsuda.org/tau/185>.

Translation by Oliver Phillips ✝ for Suda On Line, revised by Catharine Roth, David Whitehead, Marcelo Boeri, licensed CC BY-NC-SA 1.0. Shown unchanged, under the same licence, non-commercially. Licence & terms

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