Χοάς

pourings

Translated by D. Graham J. Shipley7 Apr 2008Vetting: high6 revisions

1 note · 90 words

[Meaning] outpourings, offerings over corpses, or libations.
An oracle has been issued that it is necessary to bring choai to the deceased of the Aitolians, year on year, and hold a festival of the choai.¹
The word is also used for sacrifices of [= to] the dead. Sophocles [writes]: "first, from an ever-flowing spring bring sacred drink-offerings, borne in ritually pure hands." -- "And when I have gotten this unmixed draught?" -- "There are bowls, the work of a skilled craftsman; crown their edges and the handles at either side."²

Greek original · Adler’s text

Χοάς· ἐκχύσεις, ἐναγίσματα ἐπὶ νεκροῖς, ἢ σπονδάς. ἐκπίπτει χρησμὸς δεῖν χοὰς τοῖς τεθνεῶσι τῶν Αἰτωλῶν ἐπάγειν ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος καὶ ἑορτὴν χοὰς ἄγειν. λέγονται καὶ θυσίαι νεκρῶν. Σοφοκλῆς· πρῶτον μὲν ἱερὰς ἐξ ἀειρρύτου χοὰς κρήνης ἐνεγκοῦ, δι' ὁσίων χειρῶν θίγων. ὅταν δὲ χεῦμα τοῦτ' ἀκήρατον λάβω; κρατῆρές εἰσιν, ἀνδρὸς εὔχειρος τέχνη, ὧν κατέρεψον καὶ λαβὰς ἀμφὶ στόμα.

Betacode

*xoa/s: e)kxu/seis, e)nagi/smata e)pi\ nekroi=s, h)\ sponda/s. e)kpi/ptei xrhsmo\s dei=n xoa\s toi=s teqnew=si tw=n *ai)twlw=n e)pa/gein a)na\ pa=n e)/tos kai\ e(orth\n xoa\s a)/gein. le/gontai kai\ qusi/ai nekrw=n. *sofoklh=s: prw=ton me\n i(era\s e)c a)eirru/tou xoa\s krh/nhs e)negkou=, di' o(si/wn xeirw=n qi/gwn. o(/tan de\ xeu=ma tou=t' a)kh/raton la/bw; krath=re/s ei)sin, a)ndro\s eu)/xeiros te/xnh, w(=n kate/reyon kai\ laba\s a)mfi\ sto/ma.

Notes (1)

[1] The first part of this sentence, as far as e)pa/gein, is incorporated in alpha 932 (akos): Aelian fr. 76f Domingo-Forasté. The whole sentence, with the vital addition of 'to the Athenians' at the start, is part of chi 504 (chresmos): Aelian fr. 76g Domingo-Forasté. Those versions crucially add the adverb 'unjustly' (e)kdi/kws) before 'deceased'; see also epsilon 400.
2Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 469–73, with variants (TLG, using the Budé text of Dain and Mazon, has i(ra\s, a)eiru/tou, qi/gwn), word order (tou=to xeu=m’, laba\s a)mfisto/mous Budé), and errors (kra=t’ e)/reyon Budé). Translation by Jebb (Perseus); 'drink-offerings' translates xoa\s. The third line is spoken by Oedipus, the rest by the chorus.
The present headword, like its opening glosses, is accusative plural (xoa/s, etc.), but has been made nominative for the translation. The oxytone form used four times here is the accusative plural of xoh/ (1st declension feminine) 'a pouring', not of xou=s (2nd declension masculine or feminine; it has the paroxytone accusative plural xo/as) or its variant xoeu/s (3rd declension masculine; perispomenon accusative plural xoa=s); these two refer to a vessel or its capacity, and in the third declension form provides the usual name for the Attic celebration of Choës (*Xo/es), the second day of the Anthesteria (chi 369, chi 370). However, xoai/ is used in the second sentence here for the name of the Athenian festival.
The "backbone" of the present entry (with other material interpolated) is the scholia to Aristophanes, Acharnians 961, where *xoa=s occurs.

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Linked from4 entries

Neighbouring entries

χ362Χοᾶchous; pitcher χ363Χοάνηςof a melting-pot χ364Χοάςpourings χ365Χοᾶςpourings χ366Χοάσπειον ὕδωρChoaspeian water

Revision history6 revisions · last 31 May 2023

31 May 2023cosmeticule — Catharine Roth
12 Nov 2013another keyword; tweaks and cosmetics — David Whitehead
1 Apr 2012updated references — Catharine Roth
7 Apr 2008augmented notes; supplied keywords; tweaks and cosmetics — David Whitehead
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7 Apr 2008Translated — D. Graham J. Shipley

Greek original · Adler’s text

Betacode

*xoa/s: e)kxu/seis, e)nagi/smata e)pi\ nekroi=s, h)\ sponda/s. e)kpi/ptei xrhsmo\s dei=n xoa\s toi=s teqnew=si tw=n *ai)twlw=n e)pa/gein a)na\ pa=n e)/tos kai\ e(orth\n xoa\s a)/gein. le/gontai kai\ qusi/ai nekrw=n. *sofoklh=s: prw=ton me\n i(era\s e)c a)eirru/tou xoa\s krh/nhs e)negkou=, di' o(si/wn xeirw=n qi/gwn. o(/tan de\ xeu=ma tou=t' a)kh/raton la/bw; krath=re/s ei)sin, a)ndro\s eu)/xeiros te/xnh, w(=n kate/reyon kai\ laba\s a)mfi\ sto/ma.

Notes (1)

[1] The first part of this sentence, as far as e)pa/gein, is incorporated in alpha 932 (akos): Aelian fr. 76f Domingo-Forasté. The whole sentence, with the vital addition of 'to the Athenians' at the start, is part of chi 504 (chresmos): Aelian fr. 76g Domingo-Forasté. Those versions crucially add the adverb 'unjustly' (e)kdi/kws) before 'deceased'; see also epsilon 400.

2Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 469–73, with variants (TLG, using the Budé text of Dain and Mazon, has i(ra\s, a)eiru/tou, qi/gwn), word order (tou=to xeu=m’, laba\s a)mfisto/mous Budé), and errors (kra=t’ e)/reyon Budé). Translation by Jebb (Perseus); 'drink-offerings' translates xoa\s. The third line is spoken by Oedipus, the rest by the chorus.
The present headword, like its opening glosses, is accusative plural (xoa/s, etc.), but has been made nominative for the translation. The oxytone form used four times here is the accusative plural of xoh/ (1st declension feminine) 'a pouring', not of xou=s (2nd declension masculine or feminine; it has the paroxytone accusative plural xo/as) or its variant xoeu/s (3rd declension masculine; perispomenon accusative plural xoa=s); these two refer to a vessel or its capacity, and in the third declension form provides the usual name for the Attic celebration of Choës (*Xo/es), the second day of the Anthesteria (chi 369, chi 370). However, xoai/ is used in the second sentence here for the name of the Athenian festival.
The "backbone" of the present entry (with other material interpolated) is the scholia to Aristophanes, Acharnians 961, where *xoa=s occurs.